Solubility

 

Nota Bene: x is called the “molar solubility” of AgCl

 

 

 

17.4 Solubility and Ksp

 

GENERAL CHEMISTRY Chapter 17: Buffers. Titrations. & Solubility Equilibria Zur Nb MO Tc Chadsprep.com

 

Calculate the pH of a solution that is 1.00 M CH3COOH and 1.00 M CH COONa. L 00 .00 —y coon 0 = 1.8 x 10-5) CÅ3COO i . oof c 1.00 — x)

 

Calculate the p5 of a solution that i andé.35@NH4N03Z 0.15M NH (Kb 0.35 1.8 x 10-5)

 

Common Ion Effect

 

The common-ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic precipitate (i.e. precipitation) by the addition to the solution of a soluble compound with an ion in common with the precipitate.

 

Problem: What is the molar solubility of AgCl in 0.1M HCl?

 

HCl dissociates entirely (bc/ strong acid), so you already have a bunch of Cl- in the solution at the start

 

 

 

Precipitation

 

 

 

17.5 The Common Ion Effect and Precipitation

 

GENERAL CHEMISTRY Chapter 17: Buffers. Titrations. & Solubility Equilibria Zur Nb MO Tc Chadsprep.com

 

e Mg2+(aq) + 20H-caq) (0.0537 M) (0.001 M) precipitate? K = 2.1 x 10-13 compare Q and K sp Q = = 5.4 X 10-8 Q >> Ksp

 

So, yes it precipitates

 

Conversely…

if Q < KS p then the ions would remain in solution

 

Predicting Precipitation With Ksp Values

 

+ 201+00) pH Mn2*] > 1.8 x 10-6 M will cause clothes to stain

 

Keq vs Q: https://youtu.be/M00jfRHLHMk

 

https://youtu.be/_6HCqEEyX2c

 

 

At what concentration of ion will the solid precipitate?

 

C oncenkm+ion in oceon 12—50 C On centCa4iofi .051LIM OM 12 X- 4.3XX 104 x 1.98110- s

 

 

How much of the compound will precipitate when placed in water?

 

in man, c .0/123 .(0048 Altc.o„, .ooo'?q A 332

 

 

 

 

Solubility and pH

Solubility and the pH of the solution | Chemistry | Khan Academy

 

k4 -1 ' 1

 

 

How does solubility change with temperature changes?

 

Usually, increasing the temperature increases the solubility of solids and liquids. Increasing the temperature always decreases the solubility of gases.

 

CASE I: Decrease in solubility with temperature: If the heat given off in the dissolving process is greater than the heat required to break apart the solid, the net dissolving reaction is exothermic (energy given off). The addition of more heat (increases temperature) inhibits the dissolving reaction since excess heat is already being produced by the reaction. This situation is not very common where an increase in temperature produces a decrease in solubility.

 

CASE II: Increase in solubility with temperature: If the heat given off in the dissolving reaction is less than the heat required to break apart the solid, the net dissolving reaction is endothermic (energy required). The addition of more heat facilitates the dissolving reaction by providing energy to break bonds in the solid. This is the most common situation where an increase in temperature produces an increase in solubility for solids.

 

Solubility vs. Temperature 120 100 40 C Ophardt. c Temperature, C 2003

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Solubility Rules

 

Solubility Rules and How to Use a Solubility Table

 

SOLUBILITY ТАВ'Е EXPLAINEDV

 

Soluble and Insoluble Compounds Chart – Solubility Rules Table – List of Salts & Substances

 

Soluble vs Insoluble Com ounds Soluble Insoluble Exceptions Exceptions

 

9 、 」 叭 、 , レ 、 ア フ 、 N 【 20 一 ← dä0>G 一 コ Ⅳ 一 = q コ 一 09 0 こ J fo レ S 】 2 一 q コ 一 0 I メ = 0J2u29 】 2 一 9 コ 一 。 の 一 。 J2u29 】 2 一 q 三 09 0 主 ズ 0

 

 

 

For the Precipitation Lab Experiment:

 

  1. assume that a double replacement reaction occours
  2. if one of the products is insoluble, then a precipitate forms and a color change may happen
  3. if the products are all soluble (aq), then you can say no reaction occurred

 

coC12 a ) + (aqk> 2 NaCl (aq) + COC03 (s) coC12 (aq) + (aq) NR In this one we formed cobalt carbonate, a precipitate as expected,

 

Setup of the experiment: Precipitation Reactions Lab: Observe & Record the Data

 

Lab: Precipitation 'Reactions Observe & Record the Data!

 

Precipitation Reactions

 

MN (be) 'O#N + (be) 'DO + (be) <--'tbe) 'CHEN + ( fi50D

June 6, 2024 | imperator